Important cases list for odisha competitive exam
Important Constitutional Cases For Assistant Teacher and Ri, oas , Aso , junior assistant
1. Which case introduced the Basic Structure Doctrine of the Indian Constitution?
A) Golaknath v. State of Punjab
B) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
C) Minerva Mills v. Union of India
D) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
✅ Answer: B) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
Explanation: In 1973, the Supreme Court held that Parliament can amend the Constitution but cannot alter its Basic Structure.
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2. Which case declared the Right to Privacy as a Fundamental Right?
A) Vishaka Case
B) Maneka Gandhi Case
C) Puttaswamy Case
D) Golaknath Case
✅ Answer: C) Puttaswamy Case
Explanation: In 2017, the Supreme Court unanimously declared privacy to be a Fundamental Right under Article 21.
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3. The Golaknath Case (1967) held that:
A) Parliament can amend Fundamental Rights
B) Parliament cannot amend Fundamental Rights
C) Privacy is a Fundamental Right
D) President's Rule is judicially reviewable
✅ Answer: B) Parliament cannot amend Fundamental Rights
Explanation: The Supreme Court ruled that Parliament had no power to amend Fundamental Rights.
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4. Which case expanded the scope of Article 21?
A) Maneka Gandhi Case
B) Bommai Case
C) Waman Rao Case
D) Coelho Case
✅ Answer: A) Maneka Gandhi Case
Explanation: The Court held that any law affecting life and liberty must be fair, just, and reasonable.
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5. Which case is associated with the Mandal Commission and OBC reservation?
A) Golaknath Case
B) Indra Sawhney Case
C) Vishaka Case
D) Minerva Mills Case
✅ Answer: B) Indra Sawhney Case
Explanation: The Supreme Court upheld 27% reservation for OBCs and introduced the 50% reservation ceiling.
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6. Which case laid down guidelines against sexual harassment at the workplace?
A) Vishaka Case
B) Puttaswamy Case
C) Bommai Case
D) Coelho Case
✅ Answer: A) Vishaka Case
Explanation: The Vishaka Guidelines were issued in 1997 to protect women at workplaces.
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7. Which case is known as the Habeas Corpus Case during the Emergency?
A) Maneka Gandhi Case
B) ADM Jabalpur Case
C) Golaknath Case
D) Bommai Case
✅ Answer: B) ADM Jabalpur Case
Explanation: The case dealt with the suspension of Fundamental Rights during the Emergency.
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8. Which case reaffirmed the Basic Structure Doctrine and limited Parliament's amending power?
A) Minerva Mills Case
B) Shankari Prasad Case
C) Vishaka Case
D) Puttaswamy Case
✅ Answer: A) Minerva Mills Case
Explanation: The Court held that limited amending power itself is part of the Basic Structure.
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9. Which case dealt with the constitutional validity of Triple Talaq?
A) Navtej Singh Johar Case
B) Shayara Bano Case
C) Vishaka Case
D) Bommai Case
✅ Answer: B) Shayara Bano Case
Explanation: The Supreme Court declared instant Triple Talaq unconstitutional in 2017.
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10. S.R. Bommai Case is related to:
A) Reservation
B) Privacy
C) Article 356 (President's Rule)
D) Article 21
✅ Answer: C) Article 356 (President's Rule)
Explanation: The Court held that the imposition of President's Rule is subject to judicial review.
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11. Which case first held that Parliament can amend Fundamental Rights?
A) Shankari Prasad Case
B) Golaknath Case
C) Bommai Case
D) Puttaswamy Case
✅ Answer: A) Shankari Prasad Case
Explanation: In 1951, the Court upheld Parliament's power to amend Fundamental Rights.
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12. The Ninth Schedule was reviewed in which landmark case?
A) I.R. Coelho Case
B) Vishaka Case
C) Golaknath Case
D) Maneka Gandhi Case
✅ Answer: A) I.R. Coelho Case
Explanation: The Court held that Ninth Schedule laws can be reviewed if they violate the Basic Structure.
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13. Which case established that democracy is a part of the Basic Structure?
A) Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain
B) Puttaswamy Case
C) Vishaka Case
D) Golaknath Case
✅ Answer: A) Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain
Explanation: The Court ruled that free and fair elections are part of the Constitution's Basic Structure.
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14. Waman Rao Case is associated with:
A) Reservation Policy
B) Article 356
C) Ninth Schedule and Basic Structure
D) Privacy
✅ Answer: C) Ninth Schedule and Basic Structure
Explanation: The Court applied the Basic Structure Doctrine to Ninth Schedule laws enacted after 24 April 1973.
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15. Which case partially struck down Section 377 IPC?
A) Shayara Bano Case
B) Navtej Singh Johar Case
C) Vishaka Case
D) Bommai Case
✅ Answer: B) Navtej Singh Johar Case
Explanation: The Court decriminalized consensual homosexual relations between adults.
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16. A.K. Gopalan Case is mainly related to:
A) Right to Education
B) Personal Liberty under Article 21
C) Reservation
D) Federalism
✅ Answer: B) Personal Liberty under Article 21
Explanation: It was one of the earliest cases interpreting Article 21.
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17. Which case overruled the view taken in Golaknath regarding constitutional amendments?
A) Kesavananda Bharati Case
B) Vishaka Case
C) Bommai Case
D) Shayara Bano Case
✅ Answer: A) Kesavananda Bharati Case
Explanation: The Court held that Parliament can amend Fundamental Rights but cannot destroy the Basic Structure.
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18. The concept of "Judicial Review of President's Rule" was strengthened in:
A) S.R. Bommai Case
B) Golaknath Case
C) Coelho Case
D) Vishaka Case
✅ Answer: A) S.R. Bommai Case
Explanation: The Court made misuse of Article 356 subject to judicial scrutiny.
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19. Which case is considered a turning point in the interpretation of Fundamental Rights?
A) Maneka Gandhi Case
B) Waman Rao Case
C) Shankari Prasad Case
D) Coelho Case
✅ Answer: A) Maneka Gandhi Case
Explanation: The judgment broadened the meaning of life and personal liberty under Article 21.
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20. The Basic Structure Doctrine was propounded by a bench of how many judges?
A) 9
B) 11
C) 13
D) 15
✅ Answer: C) 13
Explanation: The Kesavananda Bharati case was decided by the largest-ever 13-judge bench of the Supreme Court of India.
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